In the 21st century, rare earth elements (REEs) have emerged as indispensable components in the manufacture of high-tech products, renewable energy solutions, and defence technologies.
These elements, encompassing a group of 17 metals, are integral to the production of everything from smartphones and electric vehicles to wind turbines and advanced military systems.
However, the global supply chain for these critical materials is heavily skewed towards China, which controls a significant portion of the world’s rare earth production and processing capabilities.
This monopolistic grip has prompted Western governments, particularly the United States, to urgently seek diversification of their rare earth sources to ensure national security and economic stability.